| Part I | History and background to modern testing | |
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| 1 | History of the Electroretinogram
A F. de Rouck | |
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| 2 | History of Electro-Oculography
Geoffrey B. Arden | |
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| 3 | History of Visual Evoked Cortical Testing
Graham F. A. Harding | |
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| Part II | Anatomy of the Retina, Principles of Cell Biology in the Visual Pathways: Functional, Physiological, Biochemical, Molecular Biological | |
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| 4 | The Photoreceptor-Retinal Pigment Epithelium Interface
Gregory S. Hageman and Lincoln V. Johnson | |
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| 5 | Membrane Mechanisms of the Retinal Pigment Epitelium
Olaf Strauss | |
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| 6 | Functional Organization of the Retina
Helga Kolb | |
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| 7 | Synaptic Transmission: Sensitivity Control Mechanisms
Gertrude Falk and Richard Shiells | |
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| 8 | Phototransduction and Photoreceptor Physiology
Clay Smith | |
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| 9 | Structure and Function of Retinal Synapses: Role of Cell Adhesion Molecules and Extracellular Matrix
William J. Brunken, Thomas Claudepierre, Mary K. Manglapus and Dale D. Hunter | |
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| 10 | Central Disorders of Vision in Humans
Christopher A. Girkin | |
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| Part III | Origins of Slow Electrophysiological Components | |
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| 11 | The Electro-oculogram
Geoffrey B. Arden | |
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| 12 | Orgins of the Electroretinogram
Laura J. Frishman | |
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| 13 | The Origin of the Pattern Electroretinogram (PERG)
Michael Bach and Michael B. Hoffmann | |
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| 14 | The Multifocal ERG and VEP Techniques
Donald C. Hood | |
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| 15 | Origin of the VEP Potentials
Manfred Fahle and Michael Bach | |
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| Part IV | Equipment | |
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| 16 | Data Acquisition Systems for Electrodiagnostic Testing
Steven Nusinowitz and Chris Hogg | |
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| 17 | Electrodes for Visual Testing
Stuart Coupland | |
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| 18 | Amplifiers and Special-Purpose Data Acquisitions Systems
J Vernon Odom | |
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| 19 | Stimulus Devices, Calibration and Measurement of Light
Chris Hogg | |
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| Part V | Data Acquisition | |
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| 20.1 | Introduction to the ISCEV Standards
Michael F. Marmor | |
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| 20.2 | EOG Standard
Michael F. Marmor | |
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| 20.3 | Standard for Clinical Electroretinography
Michael F. Marmor, Graham E. Holder, Mathias W. Seeliger and Shuichi Yamamoto | |
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| 20.4 | Standard for Pattern Electroretinography
Michael Bach, Marko Hawlina, Graham E. Holder, Michael F. Marmor, Thomas Meigen, Vaegan and Yozo Miyake | |
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| 20.5 | Visual Evoked Potentials Standard
J Vernon Odom, Michael Bach, Colin Barber, Mitchell Brigell, Michael F. Marmor, Alma Patrizia Tormene, Graham E. Holder and Vaegan | |
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| 20.6 | Guidelines for Basic Multifocal Electroretinography (mfERG)
Michael F. Marmor, Donald C. Hood, David Keating, Mineo Kondo, Mathias W. Seeliger and Yozo Miyake | |
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| 21 | Multifocal Techniques
David Keating and Stuart Parks | |
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| 22 | The Pattern Electroretinogram
Graham E. Holder | |
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| 23 | Assessing Infant Acuity, Fusion, and Stereopsis with Visual Evoked Potential
Eileen E. Birch | |
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| 24 | Aging and Pattern Visual Evoked Cortical Potential
Emiko Adachi-Usami | |
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| 25 | Aberrant Albino and Achiasmat Visual Pathways: Noninvasive Electrophysiological Assessment
P. Apkarian and L. J. Bour | |
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| 26 | Clinical psychophysical techniques
Kenneth R. Alexander | |
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| 27 | Measurement of Contrast Sensitivity
Geoffrey B. Arden | |
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| 28 | Suppressive Rod-Cone Interaction
Thomas E. Frumkes | |
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| 29 | The Use of Fluorescein Angiography as an Adjunct to Electrophysiological Testing
John R. Heckenlively | |
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| Part VI | Data Analysis | |
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| 30 | Experimental Design and Data Analyses in Vision Function Testing
Steven Nusinowitz | |
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| 31 | Analytical Techniques
L. Henk van der Tweel and Oscar Estevez | |
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| 32 | Reverse Correlation Methods
Bevil R. Conway and Margaret S. Livingstone | |
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| 33 | Stimulus-Response Functions for the Scotopic b-Wave
Anne B. Fulton and Ronald M. Hansen | |
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| 34 | Kernel Analysis
J Vernon Odom | |
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| 35 | Measuring the Health of the Human Photoreceptors with the Leading Edge of the a-Wave
Donald C. Hood and David G. Birch | |
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| Part VII | Principles of Clinical Testing | |
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| 36 | Localizing Lesions in the Visual System
Graham E. Holder | |
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| 37 | Paired-Flash ERG Analysis of Rod Phototransduction and Adaptation
David R. Pepperberg | |
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| 38 | Hyperabnormal (Supranormal) Electroretinographic Responses
John R. Heckenlively and Steven Nusinowitz | |
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| 39 | Technical Issues in Evaluating Patients in Therapeutic Trials
Beth Edmunds, Peter J. Francis and Richard G. Weleber | |
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| Part VIII | Other Protocols for Recording of ERG and Slower Potentials, Technical Issues, and Auxiliary Testing Techniques | |
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| 40 | Early Receptor Potential
Gordon Fain | |
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| 41 | Nonphotic Standing Potential Responses: Hyperosmolarity, Bicarbonate, and Diamox Responses
Kazuo Kawasaki, Jhoji Tanabe and Kenji Wakabayashi | |
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| 42 | Direct Current (DC) Electroretinogram
Sven Erik G. Nilsson | |
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| 43 | The Oscillatory Potentials of the Electroretinogram
Pierre LaChapelle | |
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| 44 | Flicker Electroretinography
David G. Birch | |
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| 45 | Chromatic Recordings of Electroretinograms
Kazuo Kawasaki, Jhoji Tanabe, Kenji Wakabayashi and Yutaka Sharao | |
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| 46 | Adaptation Effects on the Electroretinogram
Peter Gouras and Cynthia Mackay | |
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| 47 | Clinical Electrophysiological and Psychophysical Investigations into Color Defects
Geoffrey B. Arden and Thomas Berninger | |
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| 48 | Causes and Cures of Artifacts
Geoffrey B. Arden | |
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| Part IX | Principles of Clinical Testing and Evaluation of Visual Dysfunction from Developmental, Toxic, and Acquired Causes | |
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| 49 | Testing Levels of the Visual System
John R. Heckenlively, Richard G. Weleber and Geoffrey B. Arden | |
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| 50 | Effects of High Myopia on the Electroretinogram
Steven Nusinowitz | |
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| 51 | Electrodiagnostic Testing in Malingering and Hysteria
Graham E. Holder | |
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| 52 | Developmental Amblyopia
Dorothy Thompson | |
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| 53 | Visually Evoked Potentials in Cortical Blindness
Emiko Adachi-Usami | |
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| 54 | Drug Side Effects and Toxicology of the Visual System
Eberhardt Zrenner | |
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| 55 | Mitochondrial Diseases
Alvin B. H. Seah and Nancy J. Newman | |
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| Part X | Evaluation of Vascular Diseases, Inflammatory States, and Tumors | |
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| 56 | Diseases of the Middle Retina: Venous and Arterial Occlusions
Mary A. Johnson | |
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| 57 | Acute Disorders of the Outer Retina, Pigment Epithelium and Choroid
Scott E. Brodie | |
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| 58 | Autoimmune retinopathy, CAR and MAR Syndromes
John R. Heckenlively, Natalia Aptsiauri and Graham E. Holder | |
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| 59 | Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Graham E. Holder | |
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| Part XI | Clinical Descriptions: Retinal Pigment Epithelium Diseases | |
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| 60 | Gyrate Atrophy of the Choroid and Retina
Richard G. Weleber | |
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| 61 | Dominant Drusen
Elise Heon, Francis Munier and Colin Willoughby | |
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| 62 | Stargardt Disease
David G. Birch | |
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| 63 | Bietti's Crystalline Dystrophy of Cornea and Retina
Richard G. Weleber and David J. Wilson | |
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| 64 | Leber Congenital Amaurosis
Robert K. Koenekoop | |
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| 65 | Pattern Dystrophies
Michael F. Marmor | |
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| 66 | Best Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy
Gerald A. Fishman | |
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| 67 | Sorsby's Fundus Dystrophy
Michael P. Clarke and Keith W. Mitchell | |
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| Part XII | Diseases of the Outer Retina | |
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| 68 | Choroideremia
Ian M. MacDonald and Miguel C. Seabra | |
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| 69 | Retinitis Pigmentosa
David G. Birch | |
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| 70 | Cone Dystrophies and Degenerations
John R. Heckenlively | |
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| 71 | Vitamin A Deficiency
Ronald E. Carr | |
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| Part XIII | Diseases of the Midretina (Including Negative Waveform Diseases) | |
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| 72 | Differential Diagnosis of the Electronegative Electroretinogram
Richard G. Weleber and Peter J. Francis | |
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| 73 | Juvenile X-Linked Retinoschisis
Paul A. Sieving, Ian M. MacDonald and Naheed W. Khan | |
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| 74 | Congenital Stationary Night Blindness
Yozo Miyake | |
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| 75 | Quinine Retinopathy
Graham E. Holder | |
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| Part XIV | Optic Nerve and Central Nervous System Dysfunction | |
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| 76 | Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy
Yoshihisa Oguchi | |
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| 77 | The Pattern Electroretinogram in Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension
Gary L. Trick | |
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| 78 | Chiasmal and Retrochiasmal Lesions
Graham E. Holder | |
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| 79 | Optic Nerve and Central Nervous Dysfunctions: Parkinson's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis
Ivan Bodis-Wollner and Andrea Antal | |
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| 80 | Diseases of Fatty Acid Storage and Metabolism: Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses and the Long-Chain 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency
David G. Birch and Richard G. Weleber | |
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| Part XV | Animal Testing | |
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| 81 | Evaluating Retinal Function in the Mouse Retina with the Electroretinogram
Steven Nusinowitz and John R. Heckenlively | |
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| 82 | ERGs of Dog and Chicken
Simon Petersen-Jones, Nalinee Tuntivanich, Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira and Naheed W. Khan | |
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| 83 | ERG Testing in Larger Animals
Kristina Narfstrom | |
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| 84 | Visual Evoked Potentials in Animals
William Ridder | |
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