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September 2009
7 x 9, 480 pp., 29 illus.
$34.95/£25.95 (CLOTH)
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ISBN-10:
0-262-01343-6
ISBN-13:
978-0-262-01343-7

Series
Software Studies
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Expressive Processing
Digital Fictions, Computer Games, and Software Studies
Noah Wardrip-Fruin

Table of Contents and Sample Chapters

What matters in understanding digital media? Is looking at the external appearance and audience experience of software enough—or should we look further? In Expressive Processing, Noah Wardrip-Fruin argues that understanding what goes on beneath the surface, the computational processes that make digital media function, is essential.

Wardrip-Fruin suggests that it is the authors and artists with knowledge of these processes who will use the expressive potential of computation to define the future of fiction and games. He also explores how computational processes themselves express meanings through distinctive designs, histories, and intellectual kinships that may not be visible to audiences.

Wardrip-Fruin looks at "expressive processing" by examining specific works of digital media ranging from the simulated therapist Eliza and the first major story-generation system Tale-Spin to the complex city-planning game SimCity. Digital media, he contends, offer particularly intelligible examples of things we need to understand about software in general; if we understand, for instance, the capabilities and histories of artificial intelligence techniques in the context of a computer game, we can use that understanding to judge the use of similar techniques in such higher-stakes social contexts as surveillance.

Most books on digital media focus on what the machines of digital media look like from the outside but ignore the computational machines that make digital media possible. With this book--the first to approach computational processes from the perspective of media, games, and fiction--Wardrip-Fruin examines both the outside and the inside of digital media's machines.

Software Studies series

About the Author

Noah Wardrip-Fruin is Assistant Professor in the Computer Science Department at the University of California, Santa Cruz. He is the coeditor of four collections published by the MIT Press: with Nick Montfort, The New Media Reader (2003); with Pat Harrigan, First Person: New Media as Story, Performance, and Game (2003), Second Person: Role-Playing and Story in Games and Playable Media (2007), and Third Person: Authoring and Exploring Vast Narratives (2009). He is the author of Expressive Processing, published by the MIT Press in 2009.


Endorsements

"This book feels like a major step forward towards developing a critical language and framework for understanding interactive media. By zeroing in on the relationship between what's happening on the machine versus what's happening in the brain, Noah brings tremendous clarity to what can seem like a daunting subject."
Will Wright, co-founder of Maxis, designer of SimCity, The Sims, and Spore

"Expressive Processing has the perfect combination of technical expertise, historical rigor, and dogged determination to get inside of the black box to make it a kind of primer on what Henry Lowood once called 'the hard work of software history.' It is, therefore, a model of a new critical approach. This is a must read for anyone working in fields such as new media, game studies, software studies, and AI. Because Wardrip-Fruin writes so confidently and clearly about complex systems, this will be a powerfully enabling book for graduate students, and advanced undergraduates as well."
Matthew G. Kirschenbaum, Associate Professor of English, University of Maryland, author of Mechanisms: New Media and the Forensic Imagination

"This book does a marvelous job of capturing the excitement of a promising infant discipline as it takes its first tentative steps. Noah Wardrip-Fruin covers a large amount of material, drawing fascinating connections between very different kinds of software projects. But this is not superficial coverage—he goes deep into a number of systems, with penetrative technical readings of the program-as-text."
Richard Evans, Senior AI Architect, The Sims 3 / Electronic Arts

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